2006-1-30 12:10
woaixuexi
英语阅读理解方法
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阅读是我们学习英语必须掌握的最重要的技能。“阅读与理解”不仅是近年来各种英语测试的重要内容,而且也是我们以后实际运用的法宝,所以,提高阅读能力,对我们提高英语水平,迅速了解重要信息,是十分重要的,通过阅读可以增强词汇的记忆,通过上下文掌握词义。大量阅读,有助于培养用英语思维的习惯,排除母语的干扰。有一些英语学习者在阅读过程中还存在着一些不好的习惯,如:有些人在阅读时喜欢一个字一个字地读,也就是说以词为单位进行阅读。这样不但不能提高阅读速度而且还会影响对文章整体意思的理解。有些人喜欢先语法后阅读,也就是说在阅读时处处都要用语法规则来衡量,这样死抠语法的阅读方式有时反倒会妨碍对文章整体的理解。还有一些人偏爱查词典,遇到一个生词就翻词典,而不是先想一想这个词在上下文中的意思。在词典里找到这个词后,常常把这个词的第一条解释作为该词在文章中的词义,这样往往会造成越读越糊涂的后果。所以,进行阅读时还要注意方法.为了更有效地进行阅读,我们还要注意掌握一些阅读技巧。下面就介绍几种常见的阅读技巧。
2006-1-30 12:11
woaixuexi
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)阅读中的猜词技巧。</FONT></P>'h
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“猜词”不是瞎猜,而是通过上下文(</FONT><FONT>context</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)进行分析,运用逻辑推理来确定生词的词义。常见的猜词技巧有以下几种:</FONT></P>2e%a(L~'c$P0Q5u4cgs
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)利用同义词猜词。例:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①</FONT><FONT>The old woman has a strange habit to keep overcats in her house</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>Her neighbours all called her an <B>eccentriclady</B></FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>#`~/twg
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">仅看后句,也许“</FONT><FONT>eccentric</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是生词,但若和前一句联系起来看,就可发现“</FONT><FONT>eccentric</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”与“</FONT><FONT>strange</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”应是意思相近的形容词,意为“奇怪的”或“古怪的”。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②</FONT><FONT>Large chunks of ice and snow melt very slowly</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>Oncethey begin to <B>thaw</B></FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>several weeks of warm weather may berequired before they are totally dissolved</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.如果“</FONT><FONT>thaw</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是生词,我们可以从上下文与之同义的词</FONT><FONT>melt</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>dissolve</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中,猜出它的词义也是“溶解”“融化”。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:11
woaixuexi
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)利用反义词猜词。例:</FONT></P>|6~]&vc;I
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①</FONT><FONT>In many nations there are two financial extremes</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(极端的),</FONT><FONT>from <B>penury </B>to great wealth</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.假若“</FONT><FONT>penury</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是生词,让我们看看如何猜出词义?句中讲到“</FONT><FONT>two financial exrtremes</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”(两个财政极端),“极端之一”是“巨富”(</FONT><FONT>great wealth</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),那么另一极端就是“赤贫”,这也就猜出</FONT><FONT>penury</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的词义了。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②</FONT><FONT>Our <B>spacious</B> house has more advantages than ourovercrowded apartment</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.假设“</FONT><FONT>spacious</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是生词,用同样方法可推测其词义。比“</FONT><FONT>overcrowded</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”(过分拥挤)有“更多的优点”,那么“</FONT><FONT>spacious</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的词义就不点自明了,它该是“宽敞的”。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">③</FONT><FONT>Mrs Smith is <B>loquacious</B> while her husband is thesilent type</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.如果</FONT><FONT>loquacious</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是生词,我们通过与</FONT><FONT>silent</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(寡言的)对比可猜出</FONT><FONT>loquacious</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一定与</FONT><FONT>silent</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">词义相对,应为“多嘴的”、“饶舌的”。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:12
woaixuexi
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)根据文意猜词。例:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①</FONT><FONT>Scientists grow large quantities of common would sothat they can get penicillin from it in order to make <B>antibiotics</B></FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>that is</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>substances that kill germs</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.假如“</FONT><FONT>antibiotics</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是生词,我们通过后面句子的解释“…</FONT><FONT>kill germs</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”,便不难猜出它的意思是“抗生素”。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为了强调某个观点或把某事叙述得更明白,作者有时运用不同词汇来表达同一概念,即重复前面的内容。如:</FONT></P>;R4zt'g4u-Av5V~
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②</FONT><FONT>Should the goverment <B>regulate</B> the cost of resourcessuch as oil and gas</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</FONT><FONT>Some people do not believe that gover</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</FONT><FONT>ment control is the solution to the problem of the rising costof fuel</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.如果“</FONT><FONT>regulate</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是生词,可再往下看,作者的第二句话实际是对第一句话的重复表达。因此,可猜出“</FONT><FONT>regulate</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”为“控制”。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:12
woaixuexi
<P 2em"><FONT>4</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)根据上下文的对比关系或因果关系。例:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①</FONT><FONT>The major points of your plan are clear to me</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>but thedetails are still <B>hazy</B></FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.假设</FONT><FONT>hazy</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是生词,在知道前半句话的意思之后,通过句中的</FONT><FONT>but</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与</FONT><FONT>clear</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">相对比,就很容易看出</FONT><FONT>hazy</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的意思应该是“模糊不清的”。</FONT></P>Zey.~#Df(F} MJ
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②</FONT><FONT>If you agree</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>say</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“</FONT><FONT>yes</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”.</FONT><FONT>If you <B>dissent</B></FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>say</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“</FONT><FONT>No</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”.假设</FONT><FONT>dissent</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是生词。通过对比,</FONT><FONT>agree</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">—</FONT><FONT>yes</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>dissent</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">—</FONT><FONT>no</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。可以推出是“不赞同”的意思。</FONT></P>qMP)CE
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">③</FONT><FONT>Since no one is against it</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>we</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>ll <B>adopt</B> the proposal</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.假设</FONT><FONT>adopt</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是生词,看一下原因与结果在逻辑上的联系,</FONT><FONT>adopt</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(动词)出现在结果从句中,“既然没有人反对这个建议”,通常会有什么结果呢?故</FONT><FONT>adopt</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">应是“采纳”的意思。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:12
woaixuexi
<P 2em"><FONT>5</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)利用词缀、构词法猜词。</FONT></P>W*^9x)d
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">阅读中遇到的生词,有时是由熟悉的单词派生、合成等造出的新词,可利用构词法的知识来推测出词义。例如:</FONT></P>ch;dc&G5eYq5r
<P 2em"><FONT>We walked across the river on a <B>footbridge</B></FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.假设</FONT><FONT>foot</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</FONT><FONT>bridge</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是生词。</FONT><FONT>footbridge</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是由我们熟悉的</FONT><FONT>foot</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">+</FONT><FONT>bridge</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">合成的。这两个词的意思合在一起,再根据上下文,可得出是“人行桥”。</FONT></P>V!K%iL F${-c
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">另外,掌握词根、前缀和后缀,对猜测词义也很有帮助。假如我们学习</FONT><FONT>selfish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(自私的),利用构词法可猜出“</FONT><FONT>unselfish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</FONT><FONT>ness</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的词义。因为“</FONT><FONT>selfish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”加上后缀</FONT><FONT>-ness</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">变成相应的名词“</FONT><FONT>selfishness</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”(自私),再加上前缀</FONT><FONT>un</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-(意为“不”)变成“</FONT><FONT>un</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</FONT><FONT>selfishness</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”,便可知它的词义为“无私、慷慨,”。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:13
woaixuexi
<P 2em"><FONT>6</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)根据一般常识和上下文中的具体情节猜词。例:</FONT></P>FWe-R OC;E+R
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①</FONT><FONT>The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(由于门很矮,所以我的头碰到了</FONT><FONT>lintel</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上。)按一般常识</FONT><FONT>lin</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</FONT><FONT>tel</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">肯定是门框上的“横木”。</FONT></P>+mNwW+Nm
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②</FONT><FONT>The elderly woman used a <B>cane</B> to help her walk</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(老太太用</FONT><FONT>cane</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">来帮助走路。)可见</FONT><FONT>cane</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是手杖的意思。</FONT></P>jF:l e
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">作为一种技能,猜词在阅读中对于排除生词障碍有着重要的作用。但要记住:</FONT><FONT>a</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)猜,不是瞎猜;</FONT><FONT>b</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)培养猜的技能并不意味着彻底丢掉词典。在阅读中若遇到能通过上下文推理出来的词,如成语典故或与文化背景知识有关的词语,不要望文生义,还是要查一查词典。像下面这句话:</FONT><FONT>I heard by accidentthat he was on the rocks </FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">;</FONT><FONT>that</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>s how I make him that al</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">-</FONT><FONT>lowance</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.这句话的意思是:“我偶然听说他非常穷,所以我要给他那笔津贴。”这里的</FONT><FONT>on the rocks</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是成语“穷困”的意思。即使你知道</FONT><FONT>allowance</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的意思是“津贴”,也容易较准确地猜出它的意思。但是还是要查一查,把意思确定下来,以便牢记。有时读完一份阅读材料之后,对于通过推理得出词义的生词也可以用词典检查一下你的“猜词准确率”。这样有助于巩固你对单词的记忆。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:13
woaixuexi
2<FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)一词多义的阅读理解。</FONT>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">英语单词在语言发展的过程中逐渐从其基本词义引伸,派生出一些新的词义,这就形成了一词多义。可以说,英语里的一词多义给阅读理解带来了不小的困难。例如:</FONT><FONT>hand</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,本来只作动物的“前肢”,人的“手”解,后来,发生了转义,可以指“手艺、才能、手腕、雇员、支配、鼓掌、传递、书法、手迹”等,到钟表出现后,又用来指“指针”。所以</FONT><FONT>hand</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">出现在文章中到底是什么词义,是不能以一个甚至几个词义作局限性理解的。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一词多义使语言显得活泼、形象,但给我们的阅读理解增加了障碍。如果理解失误,甚至可能造成笑话。例如,楼上的人朝楼下喊:</FONT><FONT>look out</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">!随即将一盆水泼下。楼上的人听到喊声,理解为“快朝外看!”便把头伸出窗外,正好“迎接”了这盆水。原因就是</FONT><FONT>look out</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有“向外看”和“小心、当心”两种词义。像这样的例子并不少见。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>Bill was the poorest student in the class</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>c
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">此句既可理解为“比尔是班上最贫苦的学生”,也可理解为“比尔是班上成绩最差的学生”,因为</FONT><FONT>poor</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有“穷”和“差”两种意义。再如:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>Mary was a simple girl</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">此句既可理解为“玛丽是个头脑简单的女孩”,也可理解为“玛丽是个生活俭朴的女孩”,因为</FONT><FONT>simple</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">即有“头脑简单”的意义,又有“生活俭朴”的意义。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">那么,词义如何才能有个确切的解释呢?这就要看特定的语言环境。例:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>Bill was the poorest student in our class</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>he evencouldn</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>t afford the school expenses</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.此中的</FONT><FONT>poorest</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就只能理解为“贫穷”。</FONT></P> B*U+d
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<P 2em"><FONT>Mary was so simple as to believe it</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.此处的</FONT><FONT>simple</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">就只能解释为“头脑简单”。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">由此可见,对一词多义的理解不能单靠词典,最好的方法还是根据上下文意思及其连贯性去考虑。所以,我们认为,路德维希·维特根斯坦说得好,“词的意义是它在语言中的用途。”</FONT></P>w
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高中英语课本有这样一个例子:</FONT></P>2IzIowC;e
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…</FONT><FONT>as if he had not yet arrived at that obvious fact evenafter the hardest mental labour</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当</FONT><FONT>Jim</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">发现</FONT><FONT>Della</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">剪掉了她心爱的头发,惊得目瞪口呆,简直不敢相信自己的眼睛,所以说,“他仿佛是经过艰苦的思索之后,还没有把显而易见的事实弄明白。”在这里,</FONT><FONT>arrive at</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不能理解为“到达”,只能解释为“理解”、“弄明白”。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">再如</FONT><FONT>make</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,其用法和意义更是令人眼花缭乱,它和不同的词语搭配在一起,使得</FONT><FONT>make</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在每个场合都有了它特定的词义。例如:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>make progress</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">取得进步/</FONT><FONT>make mistake</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">犯错误/</FONT><FONT>makethe footprint</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">留下脚印/</FONT><FONT>make one</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>s way</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">排除困难前进/</FONT><FONT>makethe bed</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">铺床/</FONT><FONT>make faces</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">做鬼脸/</FONT><FONT>make friends with</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同……交朋友/</FONT><FONT>make use of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">利用/</FONT><FONT>make fun of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">取笑/</FONT><FONT>be made of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>from</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)由……制成/</FONT><FONT>make up one</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>s mind</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">下定决心等等。</FONT></P>5u ^%Y9n3R"~w\(cy)x
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">再看一句有趣的句子:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>He stepped out of the room and came into the men</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>sroom and there was no room for him</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.这句话中三个</FONT><FONT>room</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分别为房间、厕所和空位。</FONT></P>*T;p \)jV
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">综上所述,可以看出,一词多义是个复杂而又经常碰到的问题,因此,能否在阅读中快速判断词的确切意思,也是区别阅读理解能力高低的重要标志之一。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:14
woaixuexi
3<FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)长句结构理解法。</FONT>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在阅读过程中长句常会带来许多困难。如果能够正确看出句子的结构,搞清句子各部分的关系,整个句子的意思就明白了。例:</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><B><FONT>As you show</FONT></B><FONT> that you are interested in your school ororganization</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><B><FONT>that</FONT></B><FONT> you have understanding and respect foryour schoolmates</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><B><FONT>and that</FONT></B><FONT> you will work and use your imagination</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><B><FONT>your schoolmates</FONT></B><FONT> will naturally <B>think of you as </B>one of their leaders</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>Z+m*X/t9Z+u7O&_
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">先看一下它的主要结构,</FONT><FONT>As you show that</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…,</FONT><FONT>that</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…,</FONT><FONT>and that</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…,</FONT><FONT>your schoolmates will think of you as</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…,这是一个复合句,主句在后,前面是由</FONT><FONT>As</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">引导的原因状语从句,里面有三个</FONT><FONT>that</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">引导的从句都在</FONT><FONT>as</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">从句里做</FONT><FONT>show</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的宾语。通过分析,搞清关系:“你的同学们自然会认为你是他们的领导者之一。”是主句,前面的一大串都是你的同学们为什么会认为你是他们的领导者之一的原因。</FONT></P>n9rt'w/v yO{
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>He said when I asked him he had been reading thebook he was carrying several days</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这个句子猛一下看上去容易把关系搞混,让我们把主干成分找出来,</FONT><FONT>He said that he had been reading the book</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.再看与两个从句(状语从句,定语从句)的关系,句子要表达的意思就清楚了。</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">搞清句子各部分的关系,是一种帮助理解句义的方法。</FONT></P>
2006-1-30 12:14
woaixuexi
4<FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)运用推理做“阅读理解”题。</FONT>
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">推理,即抓住前提进行合理判断,从而得出结论。做任何一道阅读理解题都是一个推理过程。近年的高考试题中,有些题目的前提似有“言外之意”或有多个前提,捉摸不定。这就要求学习者除了具有一定的阅读理解能力外,还要掌握一定的推理技巧。常见的推理方法有四种:</FONT></P>e!k+U ~ uL%v
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)范围推理。</FONT></P>|1p;U%Hv
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<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">即以选项意义的范围大小为线索,抓住前提进行推理。这又分两种情况:</FONT></P>$g:L,H*n"wzdz
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①考主旨大意的题目,其最佳答案是范围最大的。请看例文:</FONT></P>Ro
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<P 2em"><FONT>Moscow</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>Russia</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>space news</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)——“</FONT><FONT>The computer is abetter chess player</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”,</FONT><FONT>insisted Viktor Prozorov</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>the loser</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,“</FONT><FONT>Itseemed as if it were laughing after every good more</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>I knowI should beaten it for the sake of mankind</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>but I justcouldn</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>t win</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.”</FONT><FONT>he announced and shook his head sadly</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>V
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<P 2em"><FONT>Prozorov</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>s disappointment was shared by several grandmasters who were present</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>some of whom were so upset thatthey shouted at the machine</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>Many chess players said thatthis meant the end of chess championships around theworld</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>since the fun had been taken out of the game</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>5|*f@*_4bM(]z
<P 2em"><FONT>The computer walked</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">——</FONT><FONT>or rather</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>rolled</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">—</FONT><FONT>away with5000 dollars in prize money and limited its remarks to a setof noises and lights</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>a</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>Which of the following best gives the main idea ofthis newspaper article</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</FONT></P>,y&IE+CSew#Y
<P 2em"><FONT>A</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>5000 dollars goes to a computer</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">!</FONT></P>5U t)N;el"y {g
<P 2em"><FONT>B</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>New invention</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">:</FONT><FONT>a laughing computer</FONT></P>1h O/by9ZV3Eiy
<P 2em"><FONT>C</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>World</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>s best chess player beaten</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">!</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>D</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>Computer defeats man in chess</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">!</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>b</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT> How did some of the grand masters feel about thechess game between Prozorov and the computer</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</FONT></P>;wK aK|+k
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<P 2em"><FONT>A</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>They thought that the game was no fun</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>B</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>They thought that the game wasn</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>t fair</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>)AQ7R4i
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<P 2em"><FONT>C</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>They agreed that Prozorov didn</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>t play well</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>6fPq)@Hc5t"{f y
<P 2em"><FONT>D</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>They were unhappy that the computer had won</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>Ls)W1]ub_"E,x
<P 2em"><FONT>c</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT> What was it that Prozorov felt most bitter</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(懊恼)</FONT><FONT>about</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">?</FONT></P>/t EGWQ~]-fL
<P 2em"><FONT>A</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That he didn</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>t win the5000</FONT></P>{ LO}!u$B.{#C
<P 2em"><FONT>B</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That he hadn</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">’</FONT><FONT>t tried his best</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>C</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That he had lost to a machine</FONT></P>~7Yq h0c
<P 2em"><FONT>D</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That this was the end of the chess game</FONT></P>3e6S6N_;y3BA9|
<P 2em"><FONT>d</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>After winning the game</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>the computer</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>______</FONT></P>XK1b)k"P
<P 2em"><FONT>A</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>laughed </FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>B</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>walked away</FONT></P>
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<P 2em"><FONT>C</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT> make some remarks</FONT></P>