2006-3-7 15:02 snowice82
for和of的区别??

<P>请大家赐教一些关于for和of的区别?!!</P>
<P>比如说:东北地区的电网是electric system of north  还是  electric system for north???</P>
<P>速回!!</P>
<P>谢谢</P>
[align=right][color=#000066][此贴子已经被作者于2006-3-7 15:50:16编辑过][/color][/align]

2006-3-9 17:11 xuefanyi
<P><STRONG>for<FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">引导的不定式结构的区别</FONT></STRONG></P><STRONG><FONT>
<P 2em; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不定式是一种非谓语动词,不能单独作谓语,因此没有语法上的主语。但由于不定式表示的是动作,在意义上可以有它的主体。我们称之为逻辑主语。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提起不定式逻辑主语,人们首先想到的会是“</FONT><FONT>for+</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名词(宾格代词)</FONT><FONT>+</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不定式”的复合结构。如:</FONT><FONT>It is important for us to study English well</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.然而,有时不定式的逻辑主语须要用“</FONT><FONT>of+</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名词(代词宾格)”才行。例如:</FONT><FONT>It iskind of you to help me</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.而不能说:</FONT><FONT>It is kind for you to help me</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.在选择介词“</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”还是“</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”时,人们往往总是凭感觉而定。有时受习惯影响,多选介词“</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”。于是常出现这样的错误:</FONT><FONT>It was careless for him to lose his way</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is cruel for you to do so</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.由于众多语法书对这种结构中使用“</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”与“</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的区别介绍甚少,一些人对其概念认识尚不完全清楚,</FONT></P></FONT></STRONG>

2006-3-9 17:12 xuefanyi
<STRONG>在句中的语法作用不同<FONT></FONT></STRONG>
<P 2em"><FONT>a</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.不定式</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构在句中可以作主、宾、表、定、状、同位语:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is easy for Tom to do this work</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(主语)汤姆做此工作是容易的。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>I'd like for him to come here</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(宾语)我喜欢他来这里。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>His idea is for us to travel in two different groups</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(表语)他的想法是:我们分成两组旅行。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>4</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>Have you heard about the plan for you to go abroad</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(定语)你听到让你出国的计划吗?</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>5</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>The word is too difficult for him to pronounce well</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(状语)这单词太难,他念不准。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>6</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>In the most schools</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>it is the custom for the headmaster to declare the newterm start</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.在大部分学校,校长宣布新学期开始是一个习惯。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>b</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.不定式</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构只能在句中作主语。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It was careless of him to leave his umbrella in the train</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.他把伞丢在火车上真是太粗心了。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is awfully good of you to come to see me off at the station</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.谢谢你来车站送我。</FONT></P>

2006-3-9 17:12 xuefanyi
<STRONG>逻辑主语的名词有所不同<FONT></FONT></STRONG>
<P 2em"><FONT>a</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.不定式</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构中的名词可以是人,也可以是无生命的事物:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is very important for us to study English well</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.我们学好英语是非常重要的。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is essential for the classroom to have plenty of light</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.教室光线充足是必要的。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有时还可以是引导词“</FONT><FONT>there</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is a pity for there to be any disagreement in the family</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.家庭不和实在是很遗憾。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>4</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>In such case it is impossible for there to be an escape of air from the con-tainer</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.在这种情况下,不存在空气从容器溢出的可能性。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>b</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.不定式</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构中的名词只能是人:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>It is foolish of you to lend the money</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.你借钱给人真是太蠢了。</FONT></P>

2006-3-9 17:13 xuefanyi
<STRONG>表语形容词的语义不同<FONT></FONT></STRONG>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表语形容词的语义不同是区别</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构和</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构的最重要标志。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>a</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.在“</FONT><FONT>It is</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>was</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>+adj</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>+for sb+to do sth</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的句式中,作表语的形容词大多是表事物性质的静态形容词(</FONT><FONT>stative adjective</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">),如:</FONT><FONT>essential</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>easy</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>difficult,important</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>neccessary</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,(</FONT><FONT>im</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>possible</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>hard</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等等,这类形容词与</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后面的名词(代词)关系不密切,无意义上的主表关系。例如:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>It is neccessary for us to practise speaking English every day</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">句中不定式逻辑主语“</FONT><FONT>us</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”与表语形容词“</FONT><FONT>neccessary</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”无主表关系,我们不能说:</FONT><FONT>We are neccessary to practise speaking English every day</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.因为“人”(</FONT><FONT>we</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)不能与表“事物性质的形容词”(</FONT><FONT>neccessary</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)连用在一起。此句的重点,是强调“每天练习说英语”这件事。同样:</FONT><FONT>It was very difficult for Tom to answer this question</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.不能说成:</FONT><FONT>Tom was very difficult to answer this question</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.而可以说:</FONT><FONT>For Tom to answer this question was very difficult</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>b</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.在“</FONT><FONT>It is</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>was</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>+ adj</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>+ of sb</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…”的句式中,作表语的形容词大多是表示人物特征的形容词。如:</FONT><FONT>bold</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>absurd</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>brave</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>careless</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>careful</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>clever</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>considerate</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>cruel</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>foolish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>good</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>honest</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,(</FONT><FONT>un</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>kind noble</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>impudent</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>polite</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>right</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>rude</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>sweet</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>nutured</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>silly</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>stupid</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>selfish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>thoughtful</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>ungrateful</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>wicked</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>unmanly</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,(</FONT><FONT>un</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>wise</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>wrong</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">等等。这些表示人物特征的形容词与</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后的名词关系十分密切,有意义上的主表关系。如:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is selfish of you to do so</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“</FONT><FONT>you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”与“</FONT><FONT>selfish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”关系密切。“</FONT><FONT>you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”既是不定式“</FONT><FONT>to do so</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的逻辑主语,又是形容词“</FONT><FONT>selfish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的逻辑主语。此句重点强调的是“人”,(你这人太自私了)故可以说成:</FONT><FONT>You are selfish to do so</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.又如:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is kind of you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>= You are kind</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>to send me a nice present</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.谢谢你送我这么好的礼物。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It was stupid of her</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>=she was stupid</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>to make such a mistake</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.出这样的错她真是太蠢了。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">另外,在这个句式中,“</FONT><FONT>it</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”可以根据情况改为“</FONT><FONT>that</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”、“</FONT><FONT>this</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”,如:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>4</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That is very kind of you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.谢谢你。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>5</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>This is very good of you to repair the TV set for me</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.谢谢你帮我修电视机。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">较长的句子,还可以加逗号,在</FONT><FONT>of sb</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">与</FONT><FONT>to do sth</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中间停顿一下:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>6</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That was smart of you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>to hush up the affair before you heard about it</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.听到此事之前能保持缄默,你是很聪明的。</FONT></P>

2006-3-9 17:13 xuefanyi
<STRONG>句子的语气有所不同<FONT></FONT></STRONG>
<P 2em"><FONT>A</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.在较多的场合中,不定式</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构的句式语气带有情态意义。</FONT><FONT>for sb todo sth</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.的复合结构,相当于一个有情态动词的主语从句。例如:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is neccessary for us to get the preparations done</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>=</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(…</FONT><FONT> that weshould get the preparations done</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)我们有必要(应该)把准备工作做好。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is hard for which one to be given the reward to</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>=</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(…</FONT><FONT> which oneshould be given the reward to</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)难就难在应该给哪个人授奖。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>In the old society</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>it was rare for a poor man's son to go to college</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(</FONT><FONT>=</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…</FONT><FONT> that a poor man's son could go to college</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)旧社会,穷人的孩子能上大学是很少见的。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>B</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.不定式</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构的句式,在语气上往往对前面表人物特征的表语形容词有着某种感叹意味。</FONT><FONT>It is</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">/</FONT><FONT>was adj</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>of sb</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">相当于</FONT><FONT>How adj of sb it is</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">/</FONT><FONT>was</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.故在翻译时,多加上“太……”“真是……”“实在是……”等字眼,如前面提到的诸例句:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It was careless of him to leave his umbrella in the train</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(</FONT><FONT>= How carelessof him</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>it was</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)</FONT><FONT>to leave his umbrella in the train</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)他太粗心了,竟会把伞忘在车上。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That was stupid of you to make such a mistake</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(</FONT><FONT>= How stupid of you tomake such a mistake</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)你竟然会犯这样的错误,真是太蠢了。</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有时,为了加强感叹的程度还可以在表语形容词前加上修饰词:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>That is really kind of you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>4</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is awfully good of him to come to see us off at the station</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>

2006-3-9 17:14 xuefanyi
<STRONG>由于某些形容词<FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(如:</FONT><FONT>good</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>right</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>foolish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>wrong</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">,</FONT><FONT>silly</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">…)在语义上具有两重性,既可以表人物的特征,又可以说明事物的性质,因此它们可以使用在</FONT><FONT>for</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构中,也可以使用在</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">结构中,但两种结构在意义上有所区别。试比较:</FONT></STRONG>
<P 2em"><FONT>1</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is good for Xiao Wang to travel abroad</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(</FONT><FONT>= It's good to travel abroad for-Xiao Wang</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">)中心意思是说“旅行是件好事”,重点在“</FONT><FONT>to travel abroad</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”不定式所表示的动作。“</FONT><FONT>for Xiao Wang</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”只表示一种范围。(对于小王来说)</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>2</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is good of Xiao Wang to lend me the money</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">“</FONT><FONT>of</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”表示一种所属关系,“</FONT><FONT>good</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”是“</FONT><FONT>Xiao Wang</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”的所属特征。中心意思是说“小王心眼真好”,重点在“</FONT><FONT>Xiao Wang</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">”这个人上。又如:</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>3</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is foolish of you to buy that book</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(</FONT><FONT>= You are foolish to buy that book</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)你这人真傻,竟买了那本书。(强调“你傻”)</FONT></P>
<P 2em"><FONT>4</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.</FONT><FONT>It is foolish for you to buy that book</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.(</FONT><FONT>=For you to buy that book is fool-ish</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(</FONT><FONT>= It is foolish to buy that book for you</FONT><FONT style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">.)你买那本书是愚蠢的。(强调“买那本书”这件事很傻)</FONT></P>

2006-5-24 17:42 百舸争流
<P>      好象是很久以前的帖子了,我觉得应该用for更合适。for表示类别,例如:shoes for men。但是在下面这句话中for 和of所产生的一是会有不同,books of teacher (老师的书)books for teacher(教师用书)。</P>
<P>      关于of 和for 在不定式中的用法大家说的都很好,我是这样来区分的,大家可以发表你们建议呀!</P>
<P>     it is clever of you to life the case in this way.(意思 you are clever by moving the case in this way.)</P>
<P>     it is important for you to deal with the matter.(for 理解为 对于.... 的意思) </P>
<P>     也就是 of 前后的形容词和代词(或名词)是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。</P>

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