226. 加拿大有多少人口？
[误] How many population has Canada?
[正] What is the population of Canada?

注：“人口”的英文 population 是不加“s”而构成复数的，所以不能用 many，但有时可以加不定冠词，如 India has a very large population for its area.（印度以面积来说人口是很多的。）这个 population 当然也作单数用，如 Population sinks.（人中降低。）通常用作集合名词，不加“s”构成复数，除非是下列情形：the educated pupulations of China and Japan（中日两国的知识阶层）。

227. 我希望我的父母长寿。
[误] I hope my parents to live long.
[正] I hope my parents will live long.

注：英文动词有一定的惯用法（correct usage），有的后面可接不定式，如 I want you to attend the meeting. 有的后面要接动名词，如 How can we avoid making mistakes? 还有的后面一定要接一个句子（clause），如本例所示，但 hope 也可接不定式，如 I hope to see you soon again.

228. 红色的和白色的玫瑰花开了。
[误] A red and white rose are in bloom.
[正] A red and a white rose are in bloom.

注：表示不同的人，名词前都应用冠词。A novelist and poet 指一个人，即“小说家兼诗人”。另外，不同的形容词修饰名词，则形容词前也须加冠词。A red and white 表示“红白相间的”。

229. 今年应邀出席教师节庆祝活动的教师人数比去年多。
[误] The number of teachers invited to the Teachers' Day celebrations this year were larger than that of last year.
[正] The number of teachers invited to the Teachers' Day celebrations this year was larger than that of last year.

注：a number of 是“若干，许多”的意思，后面应该用动词的复数形式；第二个句子内 the number of 中的 number 是“数目”的意思，尽管后面接了复数 teachers，但主语是单数的 number，所以动词须用单数。

230. 他是一位很有经验的教师，学生提什么问题他都不在乎。
[误] He is a too experienced teacher to care what kind of question the students may ask.
[正] He is too experienced a teacher to care what kind of question the students may ask.

注：如果按正常的词序，则 He is a too experienced teacher.（他是一位很有经验的教师。）不能算错，但是由于此句以 too...to 结构贯穿整个句子，这就必须将 too 和 experienced 提至冠词之前。

231. 假期从明天开始。
[误] The vacation begins from tomorrow.
[正] The vacation begins tomorrow.

注：中文的“从”字在这种场合是不需译出的，其他场合也不需译成 from，例如“新学期从四月开始”。The new term begins in April. “新学期从四月五日开始。” The new term begins on the 5th of April. “茶会从六点开始。”The tea party begins at six o'clock. “教育从一个人出生开始。” Education begins with a man's birth. 例句中的 tomorrow，是一个副词，副词前是不可以用介词的。April, the 5th, six o'clock, birth 都是名词。

232. 我很高兴接受你的邀请。
[误] It gives me much plesure in accepting your invitation.
[正] It gives me much pleasure to accept your invitation.
. I have much pleasure in accepting your invitation.
. I take great pleasure in accepting your invitation.

注：take great pleasure=greatly enjoy. 如说 have the pleasure 则后不接 in 而接 of，如 I have the pleasure of accepting your invitation.也是通的，不过此种语法多用于下类句中：May I have the pleasure of taking a glass of wine with you? I once had the pleasure of being introduced to you. I am sorry I cannot have the pleasure of accompanying you today. I hope you will give me the pleasure of dining with me at 8 o'clock tomorrow evening at my place. There are many famous men whom I have not yet had the pleasure of meeting so far.

233. 我最好讲个故事给你听。
[误] I can do no better than to tell you a story.
[正] I can do no better than tell you a story.

注：在 than 后的词的形式应和 than 前的一致，句中前面是 can do，后面只能说（can）tell，不能说（can）to tell. 他例如 It is better to win than to lose. I'd rather stay at home than go for a walk.

234. 错误显然是在你那一边。
[误] The fault clearly lies at your side.
[正] The fault clearly lies with your side.

注：在不及物动词 lie 后可接用各种各样的介词，惟含义各有不同，如 Sheets of paper lie about the room.（纸张散满一屋。）The vilage lie across the river.（村庄在河的对岸。）Accusation of theft lay against him.（控他以盗窃罪。）The path lies along a stream.（小路沿溪。）The hot springs lie among pretty scenery.（温泉在风光明媚之中。）The blame lies at his door.（错在他。）A happy future lies before you.（幸福就在你前面。）What mystery lay behind the disappearance of the girl?（少女失踪的后面潜在着什么神秘？）The truth lies between extremes.（真理存于两个极端之间。）He has the MSS lying by him for the next number.（下一期的原稿在他那里。）The charm of travel lies in its new experiences.（旅行的妙趣在于新奇的经历。）The ship is lying off the mouth of the river.（船停在河口以外。）The book lies on the floor.（书在地上。）A white mist lay over London.（伦敦为白雾笼罩。）The person lies under the suspicion of corruption.（那人有受贿的嫌疑。）The choice lies with you.（任你选择。）在 lie 后面接介词 with 时，意为“是...的义务”，“是...的责任”，他例如 It lies with you to decide.（决定的责任在你。你有义务来作决定。取决于你。）It lies with you to accept or reject the proposal.（接受或拒绝那个建议就全看你了。）The fault does not lie with the government officials.（责任不在政府官员。）

235. 那房间是用电力照明的。
[误] The room is lighted with electricity.
[正] The room is lighted by [means of] electricity.
. The room is lighted with electric lamps.

注：用于无形的手段时要用 by，所以与抽象名词连用，但用于有形的手段时则用 with，所以与普通名词连用。electricity 为抽象名词，electric lamps 为普通名词。

236. 你是怎么认识他的？
[误] How you come to know him?
[正] How come you to know him?

注：惯用法在 come to do 的问句中，要将 do，did 等发问的虚词略去，这是古来的传统。但在现今的口语中可说 How did you come to know him? 美国口语还可以说 How come you didn't say anything?（你为何一言不发？）

237. 我从小就认识他。
[误] I have known him since a child.
[正] I have known him from a child.
. I have known him since his childhood.

注：从过去某一时期到现在为止，英语要用现在完成时态，介词就用 since，但有时不说“迄”（till）也可以说“起”（from）的，即用“from + 普通名词”代替“since + 抽象名词”。但在 from 后也同样可接抽象名词，所以不说 He has been blind since childhood，而说 He has been blind from childhood. 也是一样。

238. 他有自己的一幢房子。
[误] He has his own house.
[正] He has a house of his own.

注：英语的属格代名词（Possessive Pronouns）有两种形式，普通的形式为 my 等，后必须接名词如 my book，绝对的形式为 mine(=my book)等，是为避免重复地说那名词而采用的，例如 Your house is larger than mine (=my house)。在属格代名词的前面如再加指示代名词时，即在 my book 前再加 this，that，a，some，any，no 等字样时，普通的形式便得改为绝对的形式，以避免指示代名词与属格代名词连在一起。三百年前的英语是可以连用的，即可以说 this my book，而现代英语则必须改为 this book of mine 才行。反身属格（Reflexive Possessive）的 my own，your own，his own 等，也要采用绝对的形式，因为现代英语已不说 He has that his own house. 或 She has some her own reasons. 而必须改成 He has that house of his own. 或 She has some reasons of her own.

239. 他是我父亲的朋友。
[误] He is a friend of my father.
[正] He is a friend of my father's.

注：名词前面的属格，可代定冠词用，如 my brother's wife=the wife of my brother. 又 my brother's friends=(all) the friends of my brother. 如果不是指某一个特定的人或几个人时，则须用不定冠词 (a),那是不能用属格来代替的，即是用了属格，还得有不定冠词，但我们又不能说 my brother's a friend. 或 a my brother's friend，所以只好说 a friend of my brother's. 这种表现法所含有的意味是 a friend (that is) my brother's 或 one of my brother's friends. 这便是英语的双重属格的由来。

240. 该校有三千名学生。
[误] The school has three thousand students.
[正] There are three thousand students in the school.

注：英语动词 have 有三义：（1）物质上的所有，如 I have a lot of friends. （2）身心上的具有：如 I have a poor memory. （3）构成上的含有：如 A week has seven days = There are seven days in a week. 例句中的 have 与（3）相似，但仍是似是而非，因学校是一个地点，不是机构，学校与学生的关系，不是不可分离的，不像星期少了一天就不成。还有 “there + be”愿意为“存在”，存在于某处，因而变成“有”的意思。

241. 他们的希望全部破灭了。
[误] Their hope fell to 0.
[正] Their hope fell to zero.

注：zero 作数字时，在科技文章中普遍用作表示0，但在日常生活中，英国英语常把 0 叫作 naught，或 nil，美国英语往往叫作 zero。在 zero 用作比喻用法时，表示“希望破灭”，“完全没有”，不能写作0。

242. 你有必要这样去做。
[误] It is necessary of you to do so.
[正] It is necessary for you to do so.

注：一个形容词可以用来指“行为”，又可以用来指“行为者”，如 kind, good, foolish, nice, careful, careless 这类皆是。这种形容词可以接用 of 来造句，如 It is kind of you. （行为）= You are kind. （行为者）。另外有些形容词，只能用来指“行为”，不能用来指“行为者”，如 necessary, impossible, inconvenient, unbearable 这类皆是。这种形容词是不可以接用 of 来造句的，它只能接用 for，例如 It is necessary for you to go. 而不能说 You are necessary to go.

243. 那囚犯的处死引起了诸多公众谴责。
[误] The prisoner's execution has caused a lot of public censure.
[正] The execution of the prisoner has caused a lot of public censure.

注：英语的属格有两种用法：一为主格作用 (Subjective Possessive)。一为宾格作用 (Objective Possessive)。例如 She has come to sing his praise. （她来赞美他。）是宾格作用。She doesn't want his praise.（她不要他赞美。）是主格作用。说 his praise（他的赞美）用作主格作用是不会有误解的，但说 his praise（赞美他）用作宾格作用，把属格变成了宾格，就令人费解了。这两种作用在文字上是没有分别的，读者要从意义上才能加以辩明。如上例句中所说的 the prisoner's execution，意为处死囚犯，当然是宾格作用，因为被人处死，是被动，决不可能变成囚犯自己处死的，所以不能说成 the prisoner's execution，只能改用 of 的造句而说成 the execution of the prisoner，因为用 of 的造句多是表宾格作用的，例如 the choice of him=the act of choosing him.（选择他）。如说 his choice=the person or thing he has chosen（他所选定的人或物），就是主格作用了。

244. 战争结束后他就留洋了。
[误] After the war being over, he went abroad.
[正] The war being over, he went abroad.

注：在 Absolute Participle 的前面不要再加连词或介词。改正后的句子是属于 Written English 方面的，如改为 Sopken English，则为 After the war was over, he went abroad.

245. 虽然他病了好几年，现在却完全好了。
[误] Though having been ill for years, he is now quite well.
[正] After having been ill for years, he is now quite well.
. Having been ill for years, he is now quite well.

注：though 是连词，只能用于连结两个从句（clause）。句中 having been ill for years，不是一个从句，至多前面只能用介词 after，或根本什么都不要。

246. 今天的青年喜欢跳舞。
[误] The youth of today is fond of dancing.
[正] The youth of today are fond of dancing.

注：youth 前面加冠词 the 表示复数概念“青年人们”，是集合名词，词尾不加 s。这时谓语动词常用复数形式。这些名词主要有：cattle, people, police, youth 等。接在这些名词之后的谓语动词要用复数，指代它们的代词也要用复数。如果要表示以上这些名词的单数，可分别说成 a cow, a person, a polikcman 和 a young person。a youth 的意思是 a young man（一个男青年）。

247. 一到新加坡，我的朋友就在机场等我。
[误] On arriving at Singapore, my friend was waiting for me at the airport.
[正] On arriving at Singapore, I found my friend waiting for me at the airport.

注：凡是带有介词的动名词，或是单独的分词，必须有一个意义上的主语，来配合这个动作。到达新加坡的是“我”，而主句中的主语却是“我的朋友”，动作不能配合，所以是错误的。介词 before 与 after 的情形和 on 一样，故下面的两句也是错的：After finishing his work, I paid him. Before reading the text, the vocabulary should be learned.

248. 无知与疏忽是这错误的原因。
[误] Ignorance and negligence have caused this mistake.
[正] Ignorance and negligence has caused this mistake.

注：两个以上的主语用 and 连起来表示一个单纯的目的或观念时，动词要用单数才对。他例如 Truth and honesty is always the best policy. Slow and steady wins the race. Bread and butter is his abomination.

249. 麦饼比米饼便宜。
[误] A cake made of wheat costs less than that made of rice.
[正] A cake made of wheat costs less than one made of rice.

注：that 是从 the 变来的，属于定冠词的范围之内，所以它只能代表有定冠词的单数名词，如 The cost of oil is less than that of gas. 但凡是有不定冠词的单数名词，就不能用 that 代表，只能用 one 代表，如上举的两个例句：one=a cake，而 that=the cost。对于有定冠词的单数名词，也并不一定非用 that 代表不可，如 The step you have taken is that of much risk. 一句中的 that 就错了，应改为 one 才对，因为在动词 is 后应接 a step，所以只能用 one 代表。

250. 学生们在星期六晚上要去参加一个舞会。
[误] The students are going to a dance party on Saturday night.
[正] The students are going to a dance on Saturday night.

注：舞会应该说 dancing party，不要说 dance party，但一般只说 dance 也就够了。开舞会就说 give a dance，去参加舞会就说 go to a dance。那旅馆每晚举行舞会：At the hotel dances are held nightly. 我第一次遇见她是在一个舞会上：She and I first met at a dance. 他们请我参加舞会：They asked me to a dance. 规模较大的舞会，英语又可说 ball，是从拉丁文来的。

251. 这机器要修理。
[误] The machine wants to repair.
[正] The machine wants to be repaired.
. The machine wants repairing.

注：动词 want 也和动词 need 一样，后接动名词时要用主动，后接不定式时才可以用被动，用主动便错了。如果以人做主语，也就可以用主动的不定式了，同时也可接被动的不定式，例如 He wants to buy a watch. He wants to be notified beforehand.

252. 苹果坏了四分之三。
[误] Three-fourths of the apples was ruined.
[正] Three-fourths of the apples were ruined.

注：英语以分数为主语时，由其后接的名词决定动词的单复数，例句中的 apples 为复数，故动词应改为复数的 were。但 Three-fourths of the crop was ruined.（四分之三的收成都毁了。）

253. 猫把家里的老鼠一扫而光。
[误] The cat cleared off rats from the house.
[正] The cat cleared the house of rats.
. The cat swept rats out of the house.

注：用动词 clear 时，其形式为“clear + 地点 + of + 物”，如用 sweep 时，则为“sweep + 物 + out of + 地点”。

254. 昨夜他喝得大醉。
[误] He was much drunken last night.
[正] He was much drunk last night.

注：drunken 是一个限定形容词，只能用在名词前，如 a drunken man（醉人），不能作叙述形容词用。

255. 到公园去怎样走？
[误] How shall I go to the park?
[正] What way shall I take to get to the park?

注：How shall I go 是问怎样去法，如坐出租车去，坐公共汽车去，或坐三轮车去之类。问路应说 What way 才对。

256. 全家人在九点钟上教堂去做礼拜。
[误] The family go to the church at 9 o'clock.
[正] The family goes to church at 9 o'clock.

注：把全家人看做一个整体，即一家人，应该接用单数动词。“去做礼拜”，英语应说 go to church，如果加了冠词说成 go to the church，便不是去做礼拜，而只是去参观礼拜堂的建筑。同样“上学读书”是 go to school，如说 go to the school，便是指校舍而言，与读书无关。

257. 他的女儿嫁给一个阔人。
[误] His daughter married to a rich man.
[正] His daughter married a rich man.
. His daughter was married to a rich man.

注：中国话的“嫁”或“娶”，英语都是 marry。此外，“主婚”也是 marry，例如 She is married to a foreigner.（她嫁给一个外国人。）He married a wife last year.（他在去年娶了妻。）He has been married two years.（他结婚两年了。）He wshed to marry his daughter to a peer.（他希望把女儿嫁给一个贵族。）The clergyman married Mary Jones to John Smith.（牡师主持玛莉和约翰的婚礼。）

258. 日暮途穷。
[误] The day is falling and the road is coming to an end.
[正] The night is falling and the road is coming to an end.

注：我们说的“日”英语应译作“夜”。汉语的“日暮”除译作 The night is falling 外，又可译成 the night is closing in，或 night is coming(on)，或 it is getting dark。汉语的“途穷”，除如上照字面译出的以外，又可译为 no road ahead，或意译为 straitened, in poor circumstances 等。

259. 她的服装不大入时。
[误] Her dress does not conform to the fashion.
[正] Her dress does not conform with the fashion.

注：conform to (custom)，从（俗），依照（习惯），是有意志的，至于 conform with (custom)，（与习惯）相合，是无意志的。例如 Conform to the custom of the land，入国随俗。Your conduct does not conform with the custom. 你的行为不合习惯。

260. 如你所知道的，人生常比做航海。
[误] As you know, life is often compared with a voyage.
[正] As you know, life is often compared to a voyage.

注：同种类的东西相比用 compare with，不同种类的东西相比，则要用 compare to，例句中 life 与 voyage 完全不同种类，故用 compare to 方合，再看下例 Famous as she is, she cannot be compared with him as a writer of tragedies.（她虽有名，但作为一个悲剧作者是不能和他相比的。）

261. 她入不敷出。
[误] Her expenditures do not correspond with her income.
[正] Her expenditures do not correspond to her income.

注：correspond to (something)，相当，相称，相配。corrspond with(each other)，一致，符合。例如 The punishment should correspond to the offence.（刑罚应与犯罪相当。）This house exactly corresponds with my needs.（这房子正合我意。）又 correspond with，可作通信解，如 We have corresponded with each other for several years.（我们通信有好几年了。）

262. 这台缝纫机是中国制造的。
[误] This sewing-machine is Chinese make.
[正] This sewing-machine is of Chinese make.

注：说何国制造而用 make 时，必须带有 of 的字样，如 of Chinese(English, American, Japanese) make，但如用 made 时则说 Chinese made 或 made in China，不要再加 of，如说 manufacture 也是要有 of 的，如 of Chinese manufacture（中国制造）。

263. 马可波罗以一二五四年生于威尼斯一个商人的家里。
[误] Marco Polo was born in 1254 at a Venetian merchant family.
[正] Marco Polo was born in 1254 into a Venetian merchant family.

注：说生于什么人家，即俗称投生于某家，故英语要用 into，不用 at。他例如 No man is born into this world whose work is not born with him.(James Russel Lowell)。如果是指由什么人即父母而生，则要用 of，例如 He was born of Chinese parents(of humble parentage, of poor fisherfolk in Holland 等）。但家庭在这种意义之下即可用 of，例如 He was born of a wealthy (noble, good) family. 又 But in every child born of man lurks some of greatness ---waiting for the food.(H. G. Wells) 生于什么人家，有时又可译成 to 字，例如 She was born to the purple; diamonds suited her. 这个 to 是指的对象，如 Two children were born to them.（他们生有两个孩子。）Mark Twain was born to Samuel Langhorne Clemens, in Florida, Mo. November 30, 1835.（马克吐温以1835年11月30日，于米苏里洲佛罗利达市，作为桑米朗洪克来门斯的儿子而出生的。）

264. 那种音乐在青年中很流行。
[误] That music is popular with the youngs.
[正] That music is popular with the young.

注：如 young 一类的形容词前面加上定冠词 the，就变成名词，它表示所有这一类的人。这样的名词必须是单数形式，但动词一定是复数。在英语中，像 the young 这类的表达形式并不多。最常见的有 the blind, the deaf, the sick, the mentally ill, the poor, the unemployed, the old, the dead, the rich, the clever,等等。

265. 你们写一篇短文，两小时交卷。
[误] Write a short essay and you must hand it in in two hours.
[正] Write a short essay and hand it in in two hours.

注：误句前后语气不一致，前一句用的是祈使句，第二个分句改用了陈述语气。应该使前后一致。可以把两个分句都改为祈使语气，或都改为陈述语气。

266. 可怜的佃农骨瘦如柴。
[误] The poor tenant is as thin as a piece of firewood.
[正] The poor tenant is as lean as a rake.

注：rake（耙子）是一种长把，下端有一排直片状的齿，用来收集枯叶和疏松土壤的工具。英国人认为用它来形容瘦才形象。

267. 好吧，我告诉你。但你必须守口如瓶。
[误] OK,I'll tell you, on condition that you keep it as a bottle.
[正] OK,I'll tell you, on condition that you be as dumb as an oyster.

注：牡蛎是一种类似于蚌的水生有壳动物。秘密在一个嘴巴闭得像牡蛎一样紧的人那里是再安全不过了。英国是一个岛国，牡蛎在那里十分常见，所以才有这样的比喻。

268. 在他看来，她的美沉鱼落雁，闭月羞花。
[误] In his eyes, her beauty would make fishes sink, wild geese fall, moon an flowers hide for shame.
[正] In his eyes, her beauty would put the flowers to shame.

注：“沉鱼落雁，闭月羞花”典出我国古代的四大美女，直译出来大多数外国人难以理解，所以不如选择一个他们容易理解的词，而不必重复。

269. 瓮中之鳖
[误] a tortoise in an urn
[正] a rat in a hole

注：英语中原本就有 a rat in a hole（洞中之鼠）的说法，与我们的“瓮中之鳖”意思一样，所以不妨一借。

270. 中国政府正在施行稳健的货币政策。
[误] The Chinese government is launching a steady monetary policy.
[正] The Chinese government is launching a sound monetary policy.

注：“稳健”不仅指 steady 所包含的“稳定，扎实”，而且还有“合理，健康”的意思。而 sound 做形容词时有“合理的，明智的，稳妥的”等意思，用在这里十分贴切。

271. 经她的一番添油加醋，这件事情的性质竟被完全改变了。
[误] After her adding oil and vinegar to this affair, the nature of the whole matter has been completly altered.
[正] After her adding highly colored details to this affair, the nature of the whole matter has been completely altered.

注：“油”和“醋”都是中国菜的重要调料，加了它们，菜的味道就不一样了。但西餐与中餐完全不同，所以在这里采取直译的方法会使不了解中国饮食文化的西方人无法理解。

272. 我的表妹玛丽总觉得很孤单，我想这可能是因为她是个独生子女。
[误] My cousin Mary often feels lonely; I supose it's because she is a single child.
[正] My cousin Mary often feels lonely; I suppose it's because she is an only child.

注：only child 是一个固定搭配，而且 only 强调“唯一，只有一个”，而 single 常用于指“单身的”。例如：Mary is single（玛丽还没有成家）。

273. 同时爱上海伦使这两个好朋友成了情敌。
[误] Falling in love with Helen simultaneously makes these two good friends become competitors in love.
[正] Falling in love with Helen simultaneously makes these two good friends become rivals in love.

注：rival in love 是固定搭配。而且，competitor 多用于比赛等特定环境中的竞争对手，而 rival 的使用范围则较为宽泛与笼统。例如：business rival（商业上的竞争对手)；a violinist without rivals（无与伦比的小提琴家）等。

274. 弱肉强食是自然法则。
[误] It's the law of nature for the stronger to eat the weaker.
[正] The law of jungle is the law of nature.

注：the law of jungle（丛林法则）就是“胜者为王”或“弱肉强食”。它形象、贴切，又不乏想象空间，比照字面直译更深刻地把握了原文的内涵。又如：“人生的机遇是可遇而不可求的”就可以译为 Life is something of a lottery。因为拿彩票来比喻变幻莫测的人生是再贴切不过了。

275. 他的理论没有科学根据。
[误] His theory has no scientific base.
[正] His theory has no scientific basis.

注：base 和 basis 虽然都有“基础”的含义，但 base 指物质上的、具体的“基础”，常表示“基地”或“根据地”，如：After bombing the targets, the planes returned safely to their base；而 basis 则指理论、信念、思想或某项工作所依据的抽象的“基础”或“根据”。

276. 如果你早将这些蔬菜放进冰箱里的话，它们就不会变黄了。
[误] If you had put these vegetables in the refrigerator earlier, they wouldn't have turned yellow.
[正] If you had put these vegetables in the refrigerator earlier, they wouldn't have rusted.

注：英语中用 rust（生锈）来描述蔬菜因失去水分和营养而变黄的状态。

277. 许多无名小国成了洗钱的天堂。
[误] Many small nabeless countries have become the heaven of money-washing.
[正] Many small nameless countries have become the heaven of money-laundering.

注：launder 的原意是“洗涤衣服”，但后来被引申为“洗黑钱”，即把来路不正的钱弄得貌似合法。

278. 他经历了一场刻骨铭心的网恋。
[误] He experienced an unforgettable net love.
[正] He experienced an unforgettable cyber love.

注：net 多实指，表示“网”或“网状物”，但“计算机网络”却不用它表达，而用 cyber 或 web。如：网吧（cyber cafe），网友（cyber acquaintance），网迷）（web fan），网站（web site）等。

279. 我们一开始都把总裁当成了普通员工。
[误] We all took the president as an ordinary employee at first.
[正] We all took the president for an ordinary employee at first.

注：“take...for...”是“误把......当成......”的意思，而“take...as...”则表示“把......当......看待”，如：He took what she said as a compliment（他把她的话看作是恭维）。

280. 这辆车的后窗玻璃上写着“教练车”。
[误] There is a sign on the rear window of the car, saying "coach car".
[正] There is a sign on the rear window of the car, saying "student car".

注：student 用作定语时可以表示“实习的”，所以“教练车”应用 student car 表示。

281. 你还教育起我来了！
[误] How dare you educate me.
[正] How dare you lecture me.

注：educate 虽然指“教育”，但不能表达原文“教育”中“教训”的含义。lecture 常做名词，如 give a lecture（讲课，演讲），做动词时则有“训诫，说教”的意思，正好符合原义。

282. 人的贪欲是个无底洞。
[误] Human greed is a bottomless hole.
[正] Human greed is a bottomless pit.

注：bottomless hole 是典型的“中式英语”，因为地道的说法是 bottomless pit。而且 pit 有“深渊”的意思，也更能表达原义。

283. 会上有许多观众。
[误] There was a large number of audience at the meeting.
[正] There was a large audience at the meeting.

注：audience 是集合名词，为“观众”的总称。所以“观众多”应说 a large audience，“观众少”则应说 a small audience。又如：An audience of millions watched the royal wedding on TV(百万观众在电视上观看皇家婚礼）。

284. 音乐会很成功。我是昨天在报上看到这则消息的。
[误] The concert was a great success. I saw the news on the paper yesterday.
[正] The concert was a great success. I saw the news in the paper yesterday.

注：“登在报上”应用 in a newspaper，而“写在纸上”则用 on paper。注意，paper 前没有冠词。如：Please put the notes on paper（请把笔记记在纸上）。

285. 抗日战争是1937年爆发的。
[误] The Anti-Japanese War was broken out in 1937.
[正] The Aunti-Japanese War broke out in 1937.

注：break out（战争等的爆发）是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。类似的还有 happen, belong, disappear, fail, take place 等。

286. 你认为这本小说怎么样？
[误] How do you think of the novel?
[正] What do you think of the novel? /How do you like the novel?

注：what do you think of 相当于 what's your opinion of, 而英语中无 how do you think of sth.的说法。

287. 在会上他做了一个总结，主要意思如下......
[误] He made a final report at the meeting. The main idea is as follow...
[正] He made a final report at the meeting. The main idea is as follows...

注：as follows 是个习语，不管后面要讲的内容有几项，follow 后面一律加s。

288. 请坐在座位上，不要出声。
[误] Please sit quietly in your seats.
[正] Please sit quiet in your seats.

注：sit 表状态时相当于联系动词，后面应接形容词。又如：Aunt Marry likes sitting idle（玛丽姑妈总喜欢呆坐着）。

289. 凯文是几兄弟中最热心的。
[误] Kevin is the most warm-hearted of his brothers.
[正] Kevin is the most warm-hearted of all the sons in the family. /Kevin is more warm-hearted than any of his brothers.

注：“his brothers”并不包括凯文本人，所以用最高级不正确。

290. 不要打扰他的工作，他正忙着呢。
[误] Don't interfere in his work. He is very busy now.
[正] Don't interfere with his work. He is very busy now.

注：interfere with 才是“打扰，妨碍”的意思，而 interfere in 却表示“干涉”。如：This country is always interfering in the internal affairs of other countries.（这个国家总是干涉他国的内政）。

291. 首先，你必须努力工作。
[误] At first, you must work hard.
[正] First, you must work hard.

注：at first 指“起初，开始的时候”，如：At first I found this question very difficult, but finally I managed to answer it（一开始我觉得这个问题很难回答，不过最后我还是答出来了）；first 才是指“首先”。又如：First, let me introduce myself（首先，请允许我介绍一下我自己）。

292. 他们走到病床前，只见她脸黄黄的。
[误] They came to her sickbed and found her looking yellow.
[正] They came to her sickbed and found her looking pale and unwell.

注：显然，这句话如果直译外国人多半不懂，因为他们的肤色与我们的不同。所以应该直接把虚弱和病态表达出来，而不拘泥于原文。

293. 她的工作就是收发信件。
[误] Her job is to receive and send letters.
[正] Her job is to send and receive letters.

注：我们用“收发”，而英国人是先“发”再“收”。英文的语序与中文常常相反，又如：“衣食无忧”是 not worry about food or clothing；“迟早”是 sooner or later；“不论贫富”是 no matter rich or poor；“不管死活”应该翻译成 care little about one's life or death。

294. 镇上的男男女女都爱打听人家的闲事儿。
[误] Women and men in the town are curious about others' private affairs.
[正] Men and women in the town are curious about others' private affairs.

注：值得注意的是，此处的“男男女女”中英文词序一致。另外，英文的 ladies and gentlemen 翻译成汉语与是“女士”在前。

295. 小心，病从口入！
[误] Beware! Disease comes from the mouth.
[正] Beware! A close mouth catches no flies.

注：这又体现了中英文思维角度的差异。一个是“入”，一个是“挡”。虽然说法不同，但都十分形象。

296. 他对什么都无所谓了 ---死猪不怕开水烫嘛！
[误] He cares about nothing ---a dead pig never fears boiling water.
[正] He cares about nothing ---a dead mouse feels no cold.

注：“死猪不怕开水烫”是一句十分形象的中国俗语，它在英语中也有对应表达，只不过喻体变成了“老鼠”，但也很妙哦！

297. 苦尽甘来。
[误] Sweet comes after bitterness.
[正] After rain comes the sunshine.

注：也许是中国人受饮食文化的影响，他们的比喻用“甜”和“苦”；而在天气多变的英国，人们更习惯用“风雨”和“阳光”做比吧！

298. 让我们详细讨论一下这个问题吧。
[误] Let's discuss this matter in details.
[正] Let's discuss this matter in detail.

注：in detail 一起相当于一个副词，指“详细地”；而 in details 中，details 是名词，指“细节”。所以，上面的句子也可以表达为 Let's discuss the details of this matter 或 Let's go/enter into details。

299. 那位有钱的女人从头到脚都珠光宝气的。
[误] That rich woman is covered with jewellery from head to foot.
[正] That rich woman is covered with jewellery from top to toe.

注：虽然人有十个脚趾，但英语的“从头到脚”却要用单数的 toe 来表达，这也是约定俗成的问题。

300. 困境之中，我们需要能人帮助。
[误] We need a capable person to help us in time of difficulties.
[正] We need a capable person to help us in times of difficulties.

注：time 是指“时间，时候，时刻”，而表示“境况”要用 times。又如：What a times you'll have doing that（干那事可够你受的）；hard times（艰难时世）。times 还可表示“时代”，如：What wonderful times we live in（我们生活在多么了不起的时代啊）。